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Basics of Business Finance: Income and Expenditure

Basics of Business Finance: Income and Expenditure

Understanding the financial management of your small business is a vital skill as a business owner. And it starts with an awareness of two fundamental concepts: income and expenditure.

Grasping the difference between what comes in, and what goes out, is crucial for your financial health, making informed business decisions and the overall survival of the company.

Let’s break down the basics.

1. What is income (revenue) and how do you generate it?

Income, often called revenue, is the money your business earns from its core operations, before any costs are deducted.

This income comes primarily from selling your goods or services to customers. Whether you’re selling handmade crafts, offering consulting services or running a local café, every sale contributes to your income. You may have secondary sources of income as well, such as rental income from property, or interest you’ve earned on your business savings.

The goal is to maximize your income streams through effective sales, marketing and excellent customer service. This ensures you have a steady flow of cash coming into the business.

2. What is expenditure (costs) and how do you manage these costs?

Expenditure, or costs, refers to the money you spend to operate, trade and generate your income as a business.

This expenditure can be direct costs, like the raw materials for a product, or indirect overheads, such as rent, utilities, salaries, marketing, and office supplies.

Effectively managing these expenses is vital for your cashflow and profitability. Keeping your spending under control means reviewing your outgoings, negotiating prices with your suppliers and distinguishing between essential spending and discretionary expenses.

Careful cost control ensures that your hard-earned income isn’t eaten up by unnecessary outgoings, helping you take care of the financial health of the business.

3. What is a profit and loss report and why is it important?

Your profit and loss (P&L) report, sometimes known as an ‘income statement’, is a crucial financial document that summarizes your business’s income and expenditure over a specific period (e.g. a month, quarter, or year).

Your P&L report directly accounts for income by listing all revenue generated at the top. Below this, it details all the associated expenditures, categorized for clarity (for example, cost of goods sold, operating expenses, administrative costs etc.).

By subtracting total expenditures from total income, the P&L report ultimately reveals your business’s net profit or loss for that period. This gives you a clear overview of your financial performance during a specific period.

If you’re new to financial management, getting your head around the ins and outs of accounting can be a complex task. But it doesn’t have to be rocket science.

Come and talk to our team. We’ll be happy to explain the importance of income and expenditure and how these metrics are represented in your P&L report.

 

The following content was originally published by BOMA. We have updated some of this article for our readers.

Your 101 Guide to Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG)

Your 101 Guide to Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG)

Whatever kind of business you own and run, your operations will have some form of environmental and social impact on the land and communities around you.

Being a good business owner means being aware of this impact and putting structures in place to minimize the negative outcomes. This is where Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) strategies become a vital part of your business plan.

What are Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) reviews?

ESG stands for Environmental, Social, and Governance. ESG gives you a framework to manage the risks and opportunities related to your sustainability and ethical practices as a business. This framework helps you reduce your negative environmental impacts, strive for more sustainable processes and take an ethical approach to running the business.

Let’s break down each of the three areas:

E (Environmental): Environmental reviews focus on your company’s impact on the planet. This will include analyzing your energy use, waste management, pollution levels, conservation of natural resources and your overall carbon emissions as a business.

S (Social): Social reviews look at the human impact of your business, including how you manage relationships with your employees, suppliers, customers and the wider communities where your business operates. This includes analyzing areas in the business such as workplace rights, diversity and inclusion, human rights and consumer protection.

G (Governance): Governance reviews take a microscope to how you run and manage the business. This can include assessing your leadership of the business, the internal controls you have in place, how you manage executive pay and the rights of your shareholders. In a nutshell, governance is about how you lead the company, how transparent you are and whether business decisions are made in a fair, open and ethical way.

Why should your small business be concerned about ESG?

ESG isn’t just a checklist that only applies to large, corporate organizations. ESG is just as relevant for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), giving you a powerful tool to refine and expand your business growth, risk management, cost reduction and company values.

Here’s a breakdown of where ESG could be helping you run a better business:
1. Attracting and keeping talent and people

You can prioritize the social pillar by offering fair wages, good working conditions and career opportunities to your employees. This makes you more attractive as an employer and improves the happiness, motivation and satisfaction levels of your workforce.

It’s also beneficial to have a diverse workplace, with more voices and cultural viewpoints helping you to reduce any cultural bias and make more-informed business decisions.

2. Improving your customer loyalty

Increasingly, consumers and business clients prefer to buy from businesses that align with their own values, especially around sustainability concerns. Failing to meet your customers’ environmental and social expectations can lead to a drop in sales, revenue and overall customer loyalty.

To boost this loyalty, it’s important to be transparent about your environmental and social practices, and to do everything you can to be a leader in these spaces.

3. Driving cost savings

Looking for ways to cut your energy usage isn’t just good for the planet. It also helps you cut your spending on energy bills and put more money back into growing the business.

Applying the ESG framework to your operational activity helps you optimize your energy usage, reduce waste and shift your focus to more local suppliers. This can directly lower your operating expenses, helping you stretch your working capital and improve your cash position.

4. Accessing capital, funding and investment

Large investors, financial institutions and business lenders are increasingly including ESG factors in their funding decisions and outlook on potential investments.

Having strong ESG practices in place makes your business a more attractive proposition to investors and lenders, making it easier to access the funding you need to expand. A robust ESG strategy reduces risk levels and opens the right finance channels when you need them.

5. Keeping your supply chain sustainable

ESG doesn’t stop with evaluating your own results as a business. It’s also vital to understand the ESG credentials of your suppliers and how they measure up against your own values.

The last thing you want as a brand is to be linked to ethical or environmental violations. Be sure to carry out ESG reviews of all existing and potential suppliers in your supply chain and work only with those that meet the required values and levels of transparency.

Managing your regulatory and reputational risk

Good governance isn’t a ‘nice to have’. It’s a vital part of running a business that sticks to its values and meets all the required regulatory and compliance rules.

This means being an ethical boss who leads from the front, as well as being transparent about your financial management, supply chain management and environmental impacts. It’s also key to managing your reputational risk, preventing legal issues and safeguarding your brand.

Helping you review and enhance your ESG strategy

Environmental, social and governance concerns are a fundamental part of managing your business. And, as with most areas of running a business, it’s important to have a workable strategy and clear advice around how to maximize your ESG tactics.

Book some time with our team to talk through your current awareness of ESG and how we can help you create and refine a workable ESG strategy.

 

The following content was originally published by BOMA. We have updated some of this article for our readers.

Accessing Funding for Your Female-Led Businesses

Accessing Funding for Your Female-Led Businesses

Female-led businesses have much poorer access to business funding than their male counterparts.

In fact, in 2024, only 2% of global venture capital funding went to female-only founding teams, according to research by the Founders Forum Group.

The World Economic Forum estimates that, globally, the finance gap for women entrepreneurs is $1.7 trillion, with male-led start-ups and businesses receiving the majority of funding.

But why does this gender disparity exist? And what are the available routes to funding that your female-led business could consider when looking for additional finance?

What causes the gender disparity in access to funding?

The differences in access to funding between female founders and male founders are a problem. This disparity holds back female entrepreneurs, reduces their ability to grow their business ideas and perpetuates the dominance of male-led businesses in specific sectors.

What actually causes this gender disparity in funding?

  1. Investor bias: A lack of diversity in the investment world leads to unconscious bias, with investors more likely to favor male-led teams over female-led teams.
  2. Networking disparity: Female founders can lack access to the male-dominated professional networks where the majority of funding deals originate, making it harder to find investors.
  3. Perception of industry and scale: Investors tend to fund high-growth, male-dominated tech sectors, while female founders are more likely to start businesses in sectors that are perceived as less scalable or less attractive to venture capitalists.

Historically, it may be more difficult to find the funding you need as a female-led business. But perceptions of female entrepreneurialism are changing, and many institutions are doing their best to address the gender disparity – making it easier to find the funding you need.

Five different routes to funding and how they differ:
1. Flexible loans from specialist lenders

There’s a large choice of specialist business lenders that can offer fast and straightforward access to small business loans.

Applying for a loan with these non-bank lenders is generally faster than applying to the big banks and has less emphasis on traditional business credit checks. Non-banks tend to assess your creditworthiness based on your current and future business performance and ability to repay the loan. 

2. Government, local and charitable grants

Unlike a business loan, money you receive from a business grant does not have to be repaid. Grants are usually used to incentivize enterprise within specific areas or industries.

Grants for female-led businesses are offered through a variety of sources, so it’s a good idea to check government and regional websites to check what grants are available. You’ll need to meet the grant’s eligibility requirements to access the funding.

3. Private investors and venture capitalists

Private investors can be a fundamental source of funding when you’re starting your business, or looking to scale up the company.

Angel investors are private individuals who invest their own money into your business, in exchange for equity (usually shares) in the business. Venture capital companies and private equity companies invest in similar ways, but on a larger scale. Any kind of equity investment will mean giving up some ownership of the business (reducing your overall control of the company).

4. Crowdfunding

Crowdfunding platforms, like Kickstarter, give you a way to raise funds through contributions from a large group of interested investors or customers.

You can secure small contributions from multiple individual investors or donors to fund a project, campaign or new business venture. With some platforms, you can also sell your product directly to ‘early bird’ investors, allowing you to raise capital early and boost cashflow.

5. Tax breaks and incentives

Tax incentives are a way for you to lower the overall tax liability of your business, usually through tax credits, deductions or specific industry incentives.

By lowering your tax liability, you’ll end up paying less tax at year-end. This helps you keep more of your profits, giving you more capital to invest back into the business.

Working with you to create a funding strategy

Perceptions of female entrepreneurs are changing for the better. But it’s still vital to have a clear, detailed funding strategy to drive investment in your female-led business.

If you’re ready to kickstart your business, come and talk to our team. We’ll work with you to define your business plan, funding strategy and financial management.

 

The following content was originally published by BOMA. We have updated some of this article for our readers.

3 Cloud Accounting Tips to Save Your Business Time and Money

3 Cloud Accounting Tips to Save Your Business Time and Money

Keeping on top of your accounts is a big part of running a successful and profitable business.

But you don’t want to spend ALL your time dealing with accounting tasks, especially when that time could be spent building customer relationships, or developing new products etc.

So, how do you keep your finances in check, while also spending less time on your accounts?

1. Bringing your accounting into the digital age

Switching to cloud accounting can be a revolutionary step for many business owners, especially when you look at the ways you can streamline and automate the basic accounting tasks. By using accounting platforms like Xero, QuickBooks, MYOB or Sage, you get all the basics of small business financial management, but with the benefits of smart automation.

With most modern cloud accounting software, you can:

    • Automate the scanning and digitization of your expenses and receipts
    • Automatically reconcile your bank transactions with your invoices and bills
    • Connect your accounts to other time-saving apps for mileage claims or staff expenses.
2. Getting paid faster and with less admin

With a cloud accounting platform driving your business, you also make it easier to send out e-invoices and get paid faster and more effectively. Improving your payment times and cash collection can make a huge difference to your cashflow position, and also sets the right expectations with your customers – making it clear that you require to be made on time.

Using the invoicing function in your business software, you can:

    • Quickly send out electronic invoices as soon as a job is completed
    • Set up automated invoices to be sent out at pre-agreed points in a project
    • Include payment buttons on your invoice, so customers can pay via PayPal or card
    • Remove the barriers to payment and speed up payment times.
3. Getting a better overview of your important numbers

Using cloud accounting isn’t just about automating the time-consuming financial admin tasks. By recording and tracking all the financial and non-financial data flowing through your system, your accounting platform can actually provide you with a goldmine of useful real-time information.

With cloud accounting providing your reporting, you can

    • Access totally up-to-date real-time information, to improve your decision-making
    • Track your performance against targets to see how well the business is performing
    • Monitor spending and budgets to keep your cashflow under control
    • Understand your return on investment when it comes to sales and marketing activity
    • See how promotion has driven sales but reduced your profit, due to discounting.
Talk to us about setting up a more productive kind of accounting

If you want complete control of your finances and business decision-making, updating your accounting software and processes will be key to achieving that goal.

We can help you decide which accounting software is most suited to your business, and how to maximise the benefits you get from automation and real-time data.

Get in touch to talk through updating your accounting.

 

The following content was originally published by BOMA. We have updated some of this article for our readers.

Why You Should Lead Like a Gardener, Not a Grower

Why You Should Lead Like a Gardener, Not a Grower

The way you lead your team and grow your business determines whether you’re cultivating a transactional or thriving business.

Ask yourself: Are you a mushroom grower or a rose grower?

Mushroom leadership: The hidden danger

Mushroom growers thrive in the dark. That’s literally how mushrooms grow (kept in the shadows and fed sporadically). Unfortunately, this metaphor applies to far too many business leaders.

Without realizing it, leaders who operate like mushroom growers often:

    • Lack a clear vision for the business
    • Deliver inconsistent or confusing messages to their team
    • Prioritize short-term production over long-term development
    • Create environments where staff are kept in the dark and fed whatever information happens to come up

When your people don’t see a future or path for growth, they’re unlikely to contribute their best ideas, let alone stick around long enough to blossom.

Rose leadership: Cultivating growth with intention

Contrast this with the mindset of a rose grower. Rose growers are deliberate:

They prune branches that aren’t growing in the right direction. They feed and fertilize consistently. They protect the plant from pests. Most importantly, they focus on the result: the blossom.

As a leader embracing rose-growing principles, you:

    • Set a clear direction and align with your partners on that vision
    • Identify each team member’s potential and coach them toward it
    • Prune behaviors and practices that don’t support growth
    • Build an environment where development and performance coexist
    • Celebrate progress and visible results along the way

This mindset shift isn’t just about better management, but rather about transforming into a value-driven, future-focused business.

Start growing roses.

To move your business forward, you need to lead with intention.

Here are some actionable steps to help you get started

    • Define your vision for your business
    • Align your leadership team
    • Train your staff to have forward-looking conversations
    • Create systems for consistency and follow-through
    • Celebrate every step forward

 

The following content was originally published by BOMA. We have updated some of this article for our readers.